Peak fronting

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Probable cause		Suggested actions
1	Column overload	Reduce the injection volume or dilute the sample. Switch to a column with a higher sample capacity (increase length or diameter).
2	NOTE: Using a guard column and an inline filter protects the separation column from premature failure.	Reverse the column direction if allowed by the supplier. If all peaks show poor peak shape, replace the column.
3	Injection solvent effects	If possible, use the starting mobile phase composition or weaker solvents as the injection solvent. Ensure that the injection solvent is miscible with the mobile phase and causes no salt precipitation.
4	Column/mobile phase incompatibility with the analyte	Choose the pH of the eluent that is not too close to the pKa value of the analyte. Ensure that the pH of the eluent within the column manufacturer’s specifications.